A semiconductor material has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor, such as metallic copper, and an insulator, such as glass.

A passive component is an electronic component which can only receive energy, which it can either dissipate, absorb or store it in an electric field or a magnetic field.

In integrated circuits (ICs), Interconnects are structures that connect two or more circuit elements  (such as transistors)  together electrically. The design and layout of interconnects on an IC is vital to its proper function.

Electromechanics combines processes and procedures drawn from electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. Electromechanics focuses on the interaction of electrical and mechanical systems.